#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct virtual_base {
double data;
virtual_base() {}
virtual ~virtual_base() {}
};
struct non_virtual_base {
double data;
non_virtual_base() {}
~non_virtual_base() {}
};
int main() {
std::cout << sizeof( virtual_base ) - sizeof( non_virtual_base ) << '\n';
return 0;
}
I2luY2x1ZGUgPGlvc3RyZWFtPgoKdXNpbmcgbmFtZXNwYWNlIHN0ZDsKCnN0cnVjdCB2aXJ0dWFsX2Jhc2UgewogICAgZG91YmxlIGRhdGE7CiAgICB2aXJ0dWFsX2Jhc2UoKSB7fQogICAgdmlydHVhbCB+dmlydHVhbF9iYXNlKCkge30KfTsKCnN0cnVjdCBub25fdmlydHVhbF9iYXNlIHsKICAgIGRvdWJsZSBkYXRhOwogICAgbm9uX3ZpcnR1YWxfYmFzZSgpIHt9CiAgICB+bm9uX3ZpcnR1YWxfYmFzZSgpIHt9Cn07CgppbnQgbWFpbigpIHsKICAgIHN0ZDo6Y291dCA8PCBzaXplb2YoIHZpcnR1YWxfYmFzZSApIC0gc2l6ZW9mKCBub25fdmlydHVhbF9iYXNlICkgPDwgJ1xuJzsKICAgIHJldHVybiAwOwp9