#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define _ ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0);cin.tie(0);
#define endl '\n'
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#define ff first
#define ss second
#define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end()
#define rall(x) (x).rbegin(), (x).rend()
#define dbg(x) cout << #x << " = " << x << endl
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<int, int> pi;
const ll MOD = 1e9 + 7;
signed main(){ _
int n; cin >> n;
vector<int> v(n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
char c; cin >> c;
if (c == '(') v[i] = 1;
else v[i] = -1;
}
vector<int> prefix_sum(n), prefix_one(n);
prefix_sum[0] = v[0];
prefix_one[0] = (v[0] == 1) ? 1 : 0;
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
prefix_sum[i] = prefix_sum[i-1] + v[i];
prefix_one[i] = prefix_one[i-1];
if (v[i] == 1) prefix_one[i]++;
}
int pos_zero = -1, ans = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (v[i] == -1 && pos_zero != -1) {
ans += prefix_one[i];
pos_zero = -1;
}
if (prefix_sum[i] == 0) pos_zero = i;
}
cout << ans << endl;
}
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